Copd
A standardized rating scale developed by Jones et al in 2009, which is a self-administered instrument used to measure the health status of patients with COPD. This instrument contains 8 items; each item is scored on a scale from 0 to 5.
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Recent Cases of Copd
Browse recently discussed Copd cases by specialistsTop Cases of Copd
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Top Copd Doctors on Curofy
Top doctors who continously share their opinions on CopdRuby Hall Clinic
Chest Physician
Ruby Hall Clinic
MBBS,DTCD

PHC Bichpuri and ESI Dispensary Chippitola Agra & SN Medical College Agra & Fatehgarh
Medical Officer Incharge
SN Medical College, Agra
DA

VSS.MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITALS.
Professor Radiology. 1984 To 1993 Superintendent & Principal. 93 To 96 Director Medical Education.96 To 98.
Patna Medical College.
MD


Siddhivinayak Clinic
Lceh Gp

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In your opinion, where is the need for psychologists and psychiatrists most critical?
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Last week was back-to-back five bilobed bipaddled PMMC flaps for full-thickness buccal mucosa defects. It made me reflect— In India, where many patients present late with advanced head and neck cancers, and where microvascular expertise or resources may be limited, this flap becomes more than a salvage,It becomes a purposeful craft, especially when where risk, and resources are in short supply. Success in reconstruction lies less in patient factors, and more in the surgeon’s design and execution. Every wound dehiscence, infection, or flap failure often reflects a planning flaw rather than patient factors. The Bilobed PMMC Flap Is More Than a Procedure.It’s a mastery of balance between form and function & between art and science As surgical oncologists, we must reconstruct with the same precision we resect. Both are part of the same journey,and in that journey, mindful reconstruction is where true surgical wisdom lies. Here are my 2 cents for how to plan for Bilobed PMMC Flap ✅ Flap Design • Center on the Nipple-Areola Complex (NAC) • Inner paddle → inferolateral, for mucosal lining • Outer paddle → medial, for skin cover • Lateral “C” design allows a large harvest with primary closure ✅ Paddle Orientation • Taper both ends to prevent dog-ears • Leave 1 cm between paddles for de-epithelialization & tension-free folding ✅ Safe Flap Limits • Do not extend >2 cm beyond the pectoralis major borders to preserve viability ✅ Pedicle Handling • Avoid spiraling of the pedicle • If NAC is included, anticipate nipple positioning in inner paddle or mark inner paddle ✅ Commissure Reconstruction • Prioritize primary closure • Use flap bulk to maintain commissure symmetry and prevent deviation ✅ Nerve Division • Always divide the lateral pectoral nerve to prevent post-op compression Suggestions are welcome for insightful discussion regarding same .
Dr. Bhavin Vadodariya0 Like0 Answer
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